The Abbey of San Pietro in Valle, Ferentillo
Around 500 A.D., three hundred monks who had fled Syria, settled in the mountains of the Valnerina to evangelise the populations. These monks founded hermitages and abbeys, one of which was San Pietro in Valle, built thanks to Faroaldo I, the Lombard founder of the Duchy of Spoleto. In a short time, the new religious centre became an important reference point for the entire territory. The community was organised according to Benedictine Rule, attracting numerous monks in a short time and, thanks to the protection of the Lombard dukes of Spoleto, it became a considerably important power centre. The events following the Lombard domination did not substantially change the role played by the abbey, which continued over the centuries to perform its function as a religious centre and defensive stronghold for the interests, first of the Empire and then of the Papal State.
At the beginning of the last century, the last descendant of the Ancaiani family sold the monastery to the Costanzi family who, after some restoration completed in 1998, transformed it into a historical residence. The perched complex, secluded from the valley, appears as a single fortified nucleus in which the 11th-century bell tower stands out with sculptural inserts of Roman origin. The church has a west-facing façade and a single nave, apparently bare but which in reality, preserves stone treasures and sarcophagi from the Roman and Lombard periods that are of great historical and artistic value.
Certainly, what makes the church particularly interesting is the 12th century fresco cycle adorning the side walls with scenes depicting the Old Testament on the left and the New Testament on the right. These frescoes are characterised for the first time by movement, perspective and naturalism and set a benchmark for overcoming static Byzantine representations. The convent is built around a cloister adorned with columns on three sides and on the fourth, a staircase leading to the upper floor where the monks' cells are distributed. Outside there is a panoramic terrace where the market was held.